Excercise 30 Anatomy of the Heart Review Sheet Answers

1

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AN ANTERIOR VIEW OF THE HEART
(A - F)

A. BRACHIOCEPHALIC Artery
B. SUPERIOR VENA CAVA
C. Right PULMONARY Artery
D. ASCENDING AORTA
Eastward. PULMONARY Torso
F. RIGHT PULMONARY VEINS

two

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AN ANTERIOR VIEW OF THE Center
(F - L)

G. RIGHT ATRIUM
H. Right CORONARY ARTERY
I. ANTERIOR CARDIAC VEIN
J. Right VENTRICLE
K. Junior VENA CAVA
L. LEFT COMMON CAROTID Artery

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AN ANTERIOR VIEW OF THE HEART
(M - R)

M. LEFT SUBCLAVIAN Artery
North. AORTIC Arch
O. LIGAMENTUM ARTERIOSUM
P. LEFT PULMONARY Avenue
Q. LEFT PULMONARY VEINS
R. LEFT ATRIUM

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AN ANTERIOR VIEW OF THE HEART
(Southward - X)

S. CIRCUMFLEX ARTERY
T. LEFT CORONARY Avenue
U. LEFT VENTRICLE
V. Nifty CARDIAC VEIN
West. Anterior INTERVENTRICULAR ARTERY
X. Noon OF HEART

5

WHAT IS THE Part OF THE FLUID THAT FILLS THE PERICARDIAL SAC?

FLUID IN THE PERICARDIAL SAC ALLOWS THE Center TO BEAT IN A RELATIVELY FRICTIONLESS Environment. TO REDUCE FRICTION DURING HEART ACTIVITY.

6

LOCATION OF THE HEART IN THE THORAX

x

"ANTEROOMS" OF THE HEART

12

PROVIDE NUTRIENT Blood TO THE HEART Musculus

thirteen

LINING OF THE Heart CHAMBERS

14

ACTUAL "PUMPS" OF THE Centre

15

DRAINS Claret INTO THE Right ATRIUM

xvi

WHAT IS THE Role OF THE VALVES FOUND IN THE HEART?

THE VALVES ENFORCE A ONE-WAY BLOOD Menses THROUGH THE Center CHAMBERS. PREVENTS Dorsum-FLOW OF Blood.

17

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE CHORDAE TENDINEAE?

THEIR CALLED Center STRINGS, AND Ballast THE CUSPS TO THE VENTRICULAR WALLS.

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A Uncomplicated SCHEMATIC OF Full general CIRCULATION IS SHOWN. WHAT PART OF THE CIRCULATION IS MISSING FROM THIS DIAGRAM? ____1_____ ADD TO THE DIAGRAM AS BEST You lot CAN TO Brand Information technology Draw A COMPLETE SYSTEMIC/PULMONARY Circulation. LABEL THE SYSTEMIC AND PULMONARY Circulation

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1. PULMONARY Apportionment

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20

DURING THE SHEEP HEART Dissection, You lot WERE ASKED INITIALLY TO IDENTIFY THE RIGHT AND LEFT VENTRICLES WITHOUT CUTTING INTO THE Eye. DURING THIS PROCEDURE, WHAT DIFFERENCES DID Y'all OBSERVE Betwixt THE TWO CHAMBERS?

LEFT VENTRICLE FELT THICK AND SOLID, AND THE RIGHT FELT More than THINNER AND Easily MOVED AND FLABBY.

21

WHEN YOU MEASURED THICKNESS OF VENTRICULAR WALLS, WAS THE RIGHT OR LEFT VENTRICLE THICKER?

22

KNOWING THAT Structure AND Role ARE RELATED, HOW WOULD Y'all SAY THIS STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCE REFLECTS THE RELATIVE FUNCTIONS OF THESE TWO HEART CHAMBERS?

THERES A GREATER Demand ON THE LONGER SYSTEMIC Circulation (L. VENTRICLE) AND HAS A Higher RESISTANCE So THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION (R. VENTRICLE)

23

SEMILUNAR VALVES PREVENT BACKFLOW INTO THE __1__; MITRAL AND TRICUSPID VALVES Foreclose Dorsum-FLOW INTO THE __2__.

24

USING YOUR OWN OBSERVATIONS; EXPLAIN HOW THE Operation OF THE SEMILUNAR VALVES DIFFERS FROM THAT OF THE MITRAL AND TRICUSPID VALVES.

THE MITRAL VALVE (ANCHORD TO CHORDAE TENDINEAE) ALLOWS THE BLOOD TO Flow FROM THE LEFT ATRIUM INTO LEFT VENTRICLE, TRICUSPID VALVE STOPS BACKFLOW OF BLOOD Between THE TWO (MITRAL AND TRICUSPID VALVES). THE SEMILUNAR VALVES (DONT HAVE CHORDAE TENDINEAE)PERMIT Blood TO Be FOCED INTO THE ARTERIES Merely PREVENT BACKFLOW OF BLOOD FROM THE ARTERIES INTO THE VENTRICLES

25

COMPARE AND Dissimilarity THE STRUCTURE OF THE MITRAL AND TRICUSPID VALVES.

THE MITRAL VALVE CONTAINS 2 FLAPS, AND THE TRICUSPID VALVE HAS A THREE FLAPPED VALVE.

26

Two REMNANTS OF FETAL STRUCTURES ARE OBSERVABLE IN THE HEART - THE LIGAMENTUM ARTERIOSUM AND THE FOSSA OVALIS. WHAT WERE THEY Chosen IN THE FETAL HEART, WHERE WAS EACH LOCATED, AND WHAT COMMON PURPOSE DID THEY SERVE AS Functioning FETAL STRUCTURES?

LIGAMENTUM ARTERIOSUM- Chosen (DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS) IN FETAL Center, LOCATED Between PULMONARY Body AND AORTIC ARCH. IN ADULTS LIGAMENT THERE At present. ALLOWS Claret TO FLOW FROM THE PULMONARY TRUNK TO SYSTEMIC Apportionment.

FOSSA OVALIS - CALLED (FORAMEN OVALE) IN FETAL HEART, LOCATED ON RIGHT ATRIUM WALL (ALSO WALL OF Right VENTRICLE). Allowed BLOOD TO ENTER THE LEFT ATRIUM FROM THE Correct ATRIUM.

27

DIFFERENTIATE Conspicuously Betwixt THE ROLES OF THE PULMONARY AND SYSTEMIC CIRCULATIONS.

Difference IS THAT PULMONARY CIRCULATION IS STRICTLY TO PROVIDE GAS EXCHANGE IN THE LUNGS; WHEREAS THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION PROVIDES THE FUNCTIONAL BLOOD SUPPLY TO ALL Trunk TISSUES.

28

CIRCULATION OF A Cerise BLOOD CELL IN THE Man BODY:

RIGHT ATRIUM THROUGH THE TRICUSPID VALVE TO THE __1__, THROUGH THE __2__ VALVE TO THE PULMONARY TRUNK, TO THE __3__, TO THE CAPILLARY BEDS OF THE LUNGS, TO THE __4__, TO THE __5__ OF THE HEART, THROUGH THE __6__ VALVE TO THE __7__, THROUGH THE __8__ VALVE TO THE __9__, TO THE SYSTEMIC ARTERIES, TO THE __10__ OF THE TISSUES, TO THE SYSTEMIC VEINS, TO THE __11__, __12__, AND __13__ Inbound THE Right ATRIUM OF THE HEART.

1. Correct VENTRICLE
2. PULMONARY SEMILUNAR
3. PULMONARY ARTERIES
4. PULMONARY VEINS
v. LEFT ATRIUM
6. BICUSPID (MITRAL)
vii. LEFT VENTRICLE
eight. AORTIC SEMILUNAR
nine. AORTA
10. CAPILLARY BEDS (Body & Middle)
eleven. SUPERIOR VENA CAVA
12. Junior VENA CAVA
13. CORONARY SINUS & CARDIAC VEINS

29

IF THE MITRAL VALVE DOES Not Close PROPERLY, WHICH Apportionment IS AFFECTED?

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WHY MIGHT A THROMBUS (BLOOD Jell) IN THE Inductive DESCENDING BRANCH OF THE LEFT CORONARY ARTERY Cause SUDDEN DEATH?

A THROMBUS IN THE CORONARY Artery Tin CUT OFF THE Blood SUPPLY TO THE Middle, RESULTING IN THE VERY RAPID Decease.

31

HOW WOULD YOU DISTINGUISH THE STRUCTURE OF CARDIAC MUSCLE FROM THAT OF SKELETAL MUSCLE?

SKELETAL MUSCLE IS LONG, SYLINDRICAL, MULTINUCLEATED CELLS AND HAS OBVIOUS STRIATIONS. BUT CARDIAC MUSCLES ARE BRANCHING, STRIATED, Take Normally UNI-NUCLEATED CELLS THAT INTERDIGITATE AT THE JUNCTIONS (INTERCALATED DISCS)

32

Draw THE UNIQUE ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF CARDIAC MUSCLE. WHAT Office DOES THE UNIQUE STRUCTURE OF CARDIAC Musculus PLAY IN ITS Office?

THE UNIQUE FEATURE IS THE INTERCALATED DISCS. THE INTERCALATED DISCS Have Two IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS: i. It HOLDS THE MYOCYTES TOGETHER So THAT THEY Practise Not PULL APART WHEN THE HEART CONTRACTS; ii. IS TO ALLOW AN ELECTRICAL Connectedness BETWEEN THE CELLS, WHICH IS VITAL TO THE FUNCTION OF THE HEART AS A WHOLE. ALSO HAS MANY MITOCHONDRIA THAT PROVIDE ENERGY REQUIRED FOR CONTRACTION.

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LABEL PHOTOGRAPH OF CARDIAC Muscle

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